
The occasional heavy snowfall event is unavoidable when living in a winter wonderland. However, heavy snowfall can also present challenges for wastewater management systems, especially when these events are heavier and happen more frequently than anticipated. Understanding how rapid snowmelt can impact water treatment facilities is key to developing more resilient and sustainable systems.
Heavy Snowfall: Challenges for Wastewater Management
Each wastewater management system is designed to handle a specific volume of water. Extreme weather events, such as heavy rain or snowfall, challenge these systems.
The challenges with snow happen when the snow begins to melt. As it melts, more drainage makes its way to water treatment facilities. When the snow melts rapidly, it can easily overwhelm stormwater drains, and eventually wastewater treatment plants.
The immediate result is the overflow of untreated water into local waterways. The risk with this is that the untreated water presents a public health risk, as well as contributing to local water pollutants and harming aquatic ecosystems. There’s also the not-insignificant issue of possibly violating environmental regulations.
Wastewater treatment centers must be able to manage these effects, but smaller facilities may experience more challenges in effectively managing the seasonal complexities of heavy snowfall.
Snowfall’s Impact on Wastewater Treatment Systems
It’s not the snow itself that is a threat to water treatment centers. It’s the rapidly melting snow that stresses the entire system. Rapid snowmelt is the biggest threat when the weather begins to make a slightly warmer shift, such as during late winter and early spring. Even in a typical but cold winter with an average amount of snow, when it all begins to melt, there’s a risk of overwhelming stormwater drains and treatment facilities.
The increase in volume brings other issues with it. Snowmelt can carry a variety of contaminants, including salt, chemicals, and bacteria, which pose even more challenges for wastewater treatment systems.
These contaminants can add further stress and interfere with treatment processes, along with making their way into waterways when systems become overwhelmed.
How Snowmelt Affects the Wastewater Treatment Process
Wastewater treatment facilities are designed to handle a certain volume and type of wastewater. With rapid snowmelt, there is a sudden and significant increase in the water volume, and this change can disrupt the treatment processes, eventually leading to treatment inefficiencies and potential failures.
As an example, temperature-dependent biological processes used in wastewater treatment can be disrupted by a sudden influx of cold water. The downward shift in temperature can make biological processes less efficient and increase the risk of water pollution.
Changing Snowfall Patterns: Climate Change and Preparing for the Future
Heavy snowfall isn’t anything new in wintry climates. However, climate change can bring not only greater frequency and intensity of heavy snowfall but also alter the timing and distribution of heavy snow events across various regions of the United States. In other words, winters are becoming less predictable, leaving water treatment centers scrambling to adapt quickly.
The stress of climate change comes from a couple of different factors. The first is the increase in snowfall and the challenges of the snowmelt. The second is that the timing of extreme weather events is less predictable.
Heavy snowfall events may happen during times when temperatures fluctuate quickly from warm to cold within a few days, resulting in the heavy snow melting as quickly as it fell. Multiple events of these types place heavy strain on wastewater treatment infrastructures.
Improving Wastewater Management to Meet the Challenges of Heavy Snowfall
Unfortunately, we have no control over the current climate or severe weather events. However, wastewater treatment facilities are not helpless against the challenges. There are several recommendations that can be implemented to mitigate the risks associated with heavy snowfall for water management systems.
Look Toward the Future with Advanced Wastewater Treatment Technologies: Water treatment facilities can help mitigate the potential risk to public health and the environment by investing in advanced treatment technologies that surpass outdated technology in filtering out the excess contaminants that come with heavy snowfall.
This includes technologies such as membrane bioreactors that are based on microfiltration, or advanced oxidation processes. Other tools, such as advanced forecasting tools and real-time system monitoring can help facilities manage potential issues before they occur.
Green Infrastructure as a Priority: Green infrastructure is an approach that requires a community and government-level commitment. This includes creating environments such as man-made wetlands and rain gardens that can help to reduce the amount of stormwater runoff that could potentially overwhelm local wastewater treatment systems.
Invest in Public Education and Awareness: Wastewater treatment centers can take a more active role in their communities by developing programs focused on public education and awareness. Sharing information about the risks associated with heavy snowfall, and how the community can help through adopting more sustainable water practices.
For example, encouraging water conservation in the home can reduce the amount of wastewater generated and lessen the stress on treatment centers during heavy snowmelt. Rainwater harvesting is another step community members can take to capture rainwater for non-potable uses rather than letting it run off into the local sewage system.
Preparing for Heavy Snowfall, Now and Into the Future
Heavy snowfall is not without significant challenges for wastewater management systems, especially in regions that are less accustomed to handling large amounts of melting snow. Solving this problem begins with understanding the impact of heavy snowfall, and mitigating the risks through adaptive strategies.
The investment in wastewater treatment technologies, a movement toward green infrastructure, and community education are all important steps forward for protecting today’s wastewater treatment infrastructure. Contact Lakeside Equipment today.